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Translation & Linguistic validation

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McKown S, Acquadro C, Anfray C, Arnold B, Eremenco S, Giroudet C, Martin M, Weiss D. Good practices for the translation, cultural adaptation, and linguistic validation of clinician-reported outcome, observer-reported outcome, and performance outcome measures. J Patient Rep Outcomes. 2020 Nov 4;4(1):89. doi: 10.1186/s41687-020-00248-z. PMID: 33146755; PMCID: PMC7642163.

McKown, S., Arnold, B., Boucher, F. et al. Use of AI within COA linguistic validation and eCOA migration processes: analysis and good practice recommendations. J Patient Rep Outcomes 10, 34 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41687-026-01012-5